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K8s-1.29.2二进制安装-第三章(Master组件安装)

news 2026/8/7 1:42:48

K8s二进制安装：本章主要是安装K8s服务端组件apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler，安装nginx进行高可用负载，配置TLS Bootstrapping 为以后自动给client发布证书使用(所有文章结束后会把使用到的容器镜像及工具一并共享)

1、Nginx负载均衡K8s配置

# 安装编译环境yuminstallgcc -y# 下载解压 nginx 二进制文件wgethttp://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.25.3.tar.gztarxvf nginx-1.25.3.tar.gzcdnginx-1.25.3# 进行编译./configure --with-stream --without-http --without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_fastcgi_modulemake&&makeinstall# 拷贝编译好的 nginxnode='server171 server172 server173 server174'forNODEin$node;doscp-r /usr/local/nginx/$NODE:/usr/local/nginx/;done# 写入配置文件（在所有主机上执行）cat>/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf<<EOF worker_processes 1; events { worker_connections 1024; } stream { upstream backend { least_conn; hash$remote_addrconsistent; server 192.168.1.170:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.1.171:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; server 192.168.1.172:6443 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; } server { listen 127.0.0.1:8443; proxy_connect_timeout 1s; proxy_pass backend; } } EOF# 也可以生成后推送过去forNODEin$node;doscp-r /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf$NODE:/usr/local/nginx/conf;done# 将nginx服务交个systemd管理(所有主机都要操作)cat>/etc/systemd/system/kube-nginx.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=kube-apiserver nginx proxy After=network.target After=network-online.target Wants=network-online.target [Service] Type=forking ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -p /usr/local/nginx -t ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -p /usr/local/nginx ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf -p /usr/local/nginx -s reload PrivateTmp=true Restart=always RestartSec=5 StartLimitInterval=0 LimitNOFILE=65536 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# 加载并启动(所有主机都要操作)systemctl daemon-reload systemctlenable--now kube-nginx.service systemctl status kube-nginx.service

2.apiserver组件安装

# 所有 k8s 节点创建以下目录(所有master节点)mkdir-p /etc/kubernetes/manifests/ /etc/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d /var/lib/kubelet /var/log/kubernetes# 将apiserver服务托管给systemcd（所有 master 节点）# server170 节点配置cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver\\--v=2\\--allow-privileged=true\\--bind-address=0.0.0.0\\--secure-port=6443\\--advertise-address=192.168.1.170\\--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12\\--service-node-port-range=30000-32767\\--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.170:2379,https://192.168.1.171:2379,https://192.168.1.172:2379\\--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem\\--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem\\--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem\\--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\\--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub\\--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key\\--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local\\--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname\\--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota\\--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC\\--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true\\--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem\\--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem\\--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem\\--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator\\--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group\\--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-\\--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User\\--enable-aggregator-routing=true Restart=on-failure RestartSec=10s LimitNOFILE=65535 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# server171 节点配置cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver\\--v=2\\--allow-privileged=true\\--bind-address=0.0.0.0\\--secure-port=6443\\--advertise-address=192.168.1.171\\--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12\\--service-node-port-range=30000-32767\\--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.170:2379,https://192.168.1.171:2379,https://192.168.1.172:2379\\--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem\\--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem\\--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem\\--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\\--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub\\--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key\\--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local\\--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname\\--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota\\--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC\\--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true\\--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem\\--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem\\--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem\\--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator\\--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group\\--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-\\--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User\\--enable-aggregator-routing=true Restart=on-failure RestartSec=10s LimitNOFILE=65535 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# server172 配置cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes API Server Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-apiserver\\--v=2\\--allow-privileged=true\\--bind-address=0.0.0.0\\--secure-port=6443\\--advertise-address=192.168.1.172\\--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12\\--service-node-port-range=30000-32767\\--etcd-servers=https://192.168.1.170:2379,https://192.168.1.171:2379,https://192.168.1.172:2379\\--etcd-cafile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-ca.pem\\--etcd-certfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd.pem\\--etcd-keyfile=/etc/etcd/ssl/etcd-key.pem\\--client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\\--tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.pem\\--kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-key.pem\\--service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub\\--service-account-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key\\--service-account-issuer=https://kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local\\--kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname\\--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,DefaultTolerationSeconds,NodeRestriction,ResourceQuota\\--authorization-mode=Node,RBAC\\--enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true\\--requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem\\--proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.pem\\--proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client-key.pem\\--requestheader-allowed-names=aggregator\\--requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group\\--requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-\\--requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User\\--enable-aggregator-routing=true Restart=on-failure RestartSec=10s LimitNOFILE=65535 [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# 启动 apiServersystemctl daemon-reload systemctlenable--now kube-apiserver.service systemctl status kube-apiserver.service

3.kube-controller-manager

# 配置 kube-controller-manager service# 所有master节点配置，且配置相同# 172.16.0.0/12为pod网段，按需求设置你自己的网段cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-controller-manager\\--v=2\\--bind-address=0.0.0.0\\--root-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\\--cluster-signing-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\\--cluster-signing-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca-key.pem\\--service-account-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.key\\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.kubeconfig\\--leader-elect=true\\--use-service-account-credentials=true\\--node-monitor-grace-period=40s\\--node-monitor-period=5s\\--controllers=*,bootstrapsigner,tokencleaner\\--allocate-node-cidrs=true\\--service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12,fd00:1111::/112\\--cluster-cidr=172.16.0.0/12,fc00:2222::/112\\--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv4=24\\--node-cidr-mask-size-ipv6=120 \ \如果有IPv6可以添加，没有请去除 --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.pem Restart=always RestartSec=10s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# 启动 kube-controller-managersystemctl daemon-reload systemctlenable--now kube-controller-manager.service systemctl status kube-controller-manager.service

4.kube-scheduler

# 配置 kube-scheduler service# 所有 master 节点配置，且配置相同cat>/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service<<EOF [Unit] Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/kube-scheduler\\--v=2\\--bind-address=0.0.0.0\\--leader-elect=true\\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.kubeconfig Restart=always RestartSec=10s [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target EOF# 启动 kube-schedulersystemctl daemon-reload systemctlenable--now kube-scheduler.service systemctl status kube-scheduler.service

5.TLS Bootstrapping 配置

# 自动颁发node节点证书# 在 master01 上配置kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes\--certificate-authority=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.pem\--embed-certs=true --server=https://127.0.0.1:8443\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig# 设置token值kubectl config set-credentials tls-bootstrap-token-user\--token=c8ad9c.2e4d610cf3e7426e\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig kubectl config set-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes\--cluster=kubernetes\--user=tls-bootstrap-token-user\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfig kubectl config use-context tls-bootstrap-token-user@kubernetes\--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.kubeconfigmkdir-p /root/.kube;cp/etc/kubernetes/admin.kubeconfig /root/.kube/config# 查看集群状态kubectl get cs# 安全文件上下文cat>bootstrap.secret.yaml<<EOF apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret metadata: name: bootstrap-token-c8ad9c namespace: kube-system type: bootstrap.kubernetes.io/token stringData: description: "The default bootstrap token generated by 'kubelet '." token-id: c8ad9c token-secret: 2e4d610cf3e7426e usage-bootstrap-authentication: "true" usage-bootstrap-signing: "true" auth-extra-groups: system:bootstrappers:default-node-token,system:bootstrappers:worker,system:bootstrappers:ingress --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: kubelet-bootstrap roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:node-bootstrapper subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Group name: system:bootstrappers:default-node-token --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: node-autoapprove-bootstrap roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:nodeclient subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Group name: system:bootstrappers:default-node-token --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: node-autoapprove-certificate-rotation roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:certificates.k8s.io:certificatesigningrequests:selfnodeclient subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Group name: system:nodes --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRole metadata: annotations: rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: "true" labels: kubernetes.io/bootstrapping: rbac-defaults name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet rules: - apiGroups: - "" resources: - nodes/proxy - nodes/stats - nodes/log - nodes/spec - nodes/metrics verbs: - "*" --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: system:kube-apiserver namespace: "" roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: system:kube-apiserver-to-kubelet subjects: - apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: User name: kube-apiserver EOF# 执行加载kubectl create -f bootstrap.secret.yaml